|
Type of Action |
Illustrative mechanisms and Tools |
Purposes |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Service Delivery |
Public Resource Management |
Citizen Empowerment |
||
|
Transparency Related: (Collection, analysis, and dissemination of information on public policies, programs and services) |
• Civic education •Awareness campaigns •Independent budget analysis • Social audits |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Collaborative/Joint: (Coproduction-focused engagement in policymaking and program/service delivery planning and implementation) |
•Participatory budgeting •Participatory planning •Citizen-provider committees and organizations (e.g. parent teacher associations [PTAs], community health associations |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
|
Compliance Focused: monitoring and oversight of public policies, programs, and services in cooperation with officials and providers. |
• Public expenditure tracking surveys (PETs) •Citizen/community scorecards •Complaint-handling surveys • Service charters •Citizen review boards |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Contentious/confrontation: civil society actions that interrogate or contest state policies and actions
|
•Right-to-information campaigns Street protests and demonstrations • Sit-ins •Investigative journalism •Blogs and social media •Public-interest lawsuits |
Yes |
||